转-【exp/imp】将US7ASCII字符集的dmp文件导入到ZHS16GBK字符集的数据库中 - Oracle-fans - 博客园

① 本文在itpub(http://blog.itpub.net/26736162)、博客园(http://www.cnblogs.com/lhrbest)和微信公众号(xiaomaimiaolhr)上有同步更新。

② 文章中用到的所有代码、相关软件、相关资料及本文的pdf版本都请前往小麦苗的云盘下载,小麦苗的云盘地址见:http://blog.itpub.net/26736162/viewspace-1624453/。

在开发中常常碰到,需要导入dmp文件到现有数据库。这里的dmp文件可能来自于其它系统,所以,一般情况下是不知道导出程序(exp)的版本、导出时间或者导出模式等信息的。那么如何从现有的dmp文件中获取到这些信息呢?下面作者将一一讲解。

如果NLS_LANG的值和当前数据库的字符集相同,那么将不显示“server uses”和“import server uses”行。如果没有显示“export client”行,那么说明当前dmp文件的字符集和当前的NLS_LANG环境变量的值相同。无论是使用exp还是imp工具都会显示当前的NLS_LANG环境变量的值(表现为“Export done”、“import done”)。

以上结果说明dmp文件的字符集是UTF8。若dmp文件在Windows平台下,则可以使用软件UltraEdit(UE)、EditPlus或Pilotedit等文本编辑工具以十六进制的方式打开dmp文件查看。其中,软件Pilotedit可以轻松打开上G的文件。示例如下:

数据泵工具(impdp)工具给我们提供了SQLFILE的命令行选项,只获取DDL语句,并未真正的执行数据导入。另外,若单纯为了导出DDL语句则可以在使用expdp导出的时候使用CONTENT=METADATA_ONLY和EXCLUDE=STATISTICS选项,这样导出的DMP文件比较小。如下所示:

imp工具使用SHOW=Y LOG=GET_DDL.sql的方式,可以看到清晰的DDL脚本,同时也不会真正的执行数据导入。另外,若单纯为了导出DDL语句则可以在使用exp导出的时候使用ROWS=N选项,这样导出的DMP文件比较小。如下所示:

[ZFZHLHRDB1:oracle]:/oracle>exp  \'/ AS SYSDBA\'  tables=scott.emp  file=/tmp/exp_ddl_lhr_01.dmp  log=/tmp/exp_table.log  buffer=41943040 rows=n compress=n

Export: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Tue Aug 2 15:42:11 2016

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP,

Data Mining and Real Application Tes

Export done in ZHS16GBK character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set

Note: table data (rows) will not be exported

About to export specified tables via Conventional Path ...

Current user changed to SCOTT

. . exporting table                            EMP

Export terminated successfully without warnings.

[ZFZHLHRDB1:oracle]:/oracle>imp \'/ AS SYSDBA\' file=/tmp/exp_ddl_lhr_01.dmp show=y log=/tmp/get_ddl.sql buffer=20480000  full=y

Import: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Tue Aug 2 15:42:44 2016

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP,

Data Mining and Real Application Tes

Export file created by EXPORT:V11.02.00 via conventional path

import done in ZHS16GBK character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set

. importing SYS's objects into SYS

. importing SCOTT's objects into SCOTT

"ALTER SESSION SET CURRENT_SCHEMA= "SCOTT""

"CREATE TABLE "EMP" ("EMPNO" NUMBER(4, 0), "ENAME" VARCHAR2(10), "JOB" VARCH"

"AR2(9), "MGR" NUMBER(4, 0), "HIREDATE" DATE, "SAL" NUMBER(7, 2), "COMM" NUM"

"BER(7, 2), "DEPTNO" NUMBER(2, 0))  PCTFREE 10 PCTUSED 40 INITRANS 1 MAXTRAN"

"S 255 STORAGE(INITIAL 65536 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1 FREELISTS 1 FREELIST "

"GROUPS 1 BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT) TABLESPACE "USERS" LOGGING NOCOMPRESS"

"CREATE UNIQUE INDEX "PK_EMP" ON "EMP" ("EMPNO" )  PCTFREE 10 INITRANS 2 MAX"

"TRANS 255 STORAGE(INITIAL 65536 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1 FREELISTS 1 FREEL"

"IST GROUPS 1 BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT) TABLESPACE "USERS" LOGGING"

"ALTER SESSION SET CURRENT_SCHEMA= "SCOTT""

"ALTER TABLE "EMP" ADD  CONSTRAINT "PK_EMP" PRIMARY KEY ("EMPNO") USING INDE"

"X PCTFREE 10 INITRANS 2 MAXTRANS 255 STORAGE(INITIAL 65536 NEXT 1048576 MIN"

"EXTENTS 1 FREELISTS 1 FREELIST GROUPS 1 BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT) TABLESPACE "US"

"ERS" LOGGING ENABLE "

"ALTER TABLE "EMP" ADD CONSTRAINT "FK_DEPTNO" FOREIGN KEY ("DEPTNO") REFEREN"

"CES "DEPT" ("DEPTNO") ENABLE NOVALIDATE"

"ALTER TABLE "EMP" ENABLE CONSTRAINT "FK_DEPTNO""

Import terminated successfully without warnings.

[ZFZHLHRDB1:oracle]:/oracle>

[ZFZHLHRDB1:oracle]:/tmp>more /tmp/get_ddl.sql

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP,

Data Mining and Real Application Tes

Export file created by EXPORT:V11.02.00 via conventional path

import done in ZHS16GBK character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set

. importing SYS's objects into SYS

. importing SCOTT's objects into SCOTT

"ALTER SESSION SET CURRENT_SCHEMA= "SCOTT""

"CREATE TABLE "EMP" ("EMPNO" NUMBER(4, 0), "ENAME" VARCHAR2(10), "JOB" VARCH"

"AR2(9), "MGR" NUMBER(4, 0), "HIREDATE" DATE, "SAL" NUMBER(7, 2), "COMM" NUM"

"BER(7, 2), "DEPTNO" NUMBER(2, 0))  PCTFREE 10 PCTUSED 40 INITRANS 1 MAXTRAN"

"S 255 STORAGE(INITIAL 65536 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1 FREELISTS 1 FREELIST "

"GROUPS 1 BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT) TABLESPACE "USERS" LOGGING NOCOMPRESS"

"CREATE UNIQUE INDEX "PK_EMP" ON "EMP" ("EMPNO" )  PCTFREE 10 INITRANS 2 MAX"

"TRANS 255 STORAGE(INITIAL 65536 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1 FREELISTS 1 FREEL"

"IST GROUPS 1 BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT) TABLESPACE "USERS" LOGGING"

"ALTER SESSION SET CURRENT_SCHEMA= "SCOTT""

"ALTER TABLE "EMP" ADD  CONSTRAINT "PK_EMP" PRIMARY KEY ("EMPNO") USING INDE"

"X PCTFREE 10 INITRANS 2 MAXTRANS 255 STORAGE(INITIAL 65536 NEXT 1048576 MIN"

"EXTENTS 1 FREELISTS 1 FREELIST GROUPS 1 BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT) TABLESPACE "US"

"ERS" LOGGING ENABLE "

"ALTER TABLE "EMP" ADD CONSTRAINT "FK_DEPTNO" FOREIGN KEY ("DEPTNO") REFEREN"

"CES "DEPT" ("DEPTNO") ENABLE NOVALIDATE"

"ALTER TABLE "EMP" ENABLE CONSTRAINT "FK_DEPTNO""

Import terminated successfully without warnings.

[ZFZHLHRDB1:oracle]:/tmp>more /tmp/gettabddl.sh

awk '

  / \"BEGIN /   { N=1; }

  / \"CREATE /   { N=1; }

  / \"CREATE INDEX/   { N=1; }

  / \"CREATE UNIQUE INDEX/  { N=1; }

  / \"ALTER /   { N=1; }

  / \" ALTER /   { N=1; }

  / \"ANALYZE /   { N=1; }

  / \"GRANT /    { N=1; }

  / \"COMMENT /   { N=1; }

  / \"AUDIT /     { N=1; }

  N==1 { printf "\n/\n"; N++ }

  /\"$/ {

    if (N==0) next;

    s=index( $0, "\"" );

    ln0=length( $0 )

    if ( s!=0 ) {

      lcnt++

      if ( lcnt >= 30 ) {

        ln=substr( $0,s+1,length( substr($0,s+1))-1)

        t=index( ln, ")," )

        if ( t==0 ) { t=index( ln, ", " ) }

        if ( t==0 ) { t=index( ln, ") " ) }

        if ( t > 0 ) {

          printf "%s\n%s",substr( ln,1,t+1), substr(ln, t+2)

          lcnt=0

        }

        else {

          printf "%s", ln

          if ( ln0 < 78 ) { printf "\n" ; lcnt=0 }

        }

      }

      else {

        printf "%s",substr( $0,s+1,length( substr($0,s+1))-1 )

        if ( ln0 < 78 ) { printf "\n" ; lcnt=0 }

      }

    }

  }

  END { printf "\n/\n"}

' $* |sed '1,2d; /^$/ d;

s/STORAGE *(INI/~    STORAGE (INI/g;

s/, "/,~    "/g;

s/ (\"/~   &/g;

s/PCT[FI]/~    &/g;

s/[( ]PARTITION /~&/g;

s/) TABLESPACE/)~    TABLESPACE/g;

s/   , / ,~/g;

s/ DATAFILE  /&~/' | tr "~" "\n"

[ZFZHLHRDB1:oracle]:/tmp>

[ZFZHLHRDB1:oracle]:/tmp>ksh /tmp/gettabddl.sh  /tmp/get_ddl.sql > /tmp/gen_tabddl.sql

[ZFZHLHRDB1:oracle]:/tmp>more /tmp/gen_tabddl.sql

ALTER SESSION SET CURRENT_SCHEMA= "SCOTT"

/

CREATE TABLE "EMP"

    ("EMPNO" NUMBER(4, 0),

    "ENAME" VARCHAR2(10),

    "JOB" VARCHAR2(9),

    "MGR" NUMBER(4, 0),

    "HIREDATE" DATE,

    "SAL" NUMBER(7, 2),

    "COMM" NUMBER(7, 2),

    "DEPTNO" NUMBER(2, 0)) 

    PCTFREE 10 PCTUSED 40 INITRANS 1 MAXTRANS 255

    STORAGE (INITIAL 65536 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1 FREELISTS 1 FREELIST GROUPS 1 BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT)

    TABLESPACE "USERS" LOGGING NOCOMPRESS

/

CREATE UNIQUE INDEX "PK_EMP" ON "EMP"

    ("EMPNO" ) 

    PCTFREE 10 INITRANS 2 MAXTRANS 255

    STORAGE (INITIAL 65536 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1 FREELISTS 1 FREELIST GROUPS 1 BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT)

    TABLESPACE "USERS" LOGGING

/

ALTER SESSION SET CURRENT_SCHEMA= "SCOTT"

/

ALTER TABLE "EMP" ADD  CONSTRAINT "PK_EMP" PRIMARY KEY

    ("EMPNO") USING INDEX

    PCTFREE 10 INITRANS 2 MAXTRANS 255

    STORAGE (INITIAL 65536 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1 FREELISTS 1 FREELIST GROUPS 1 BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT)

    TABLESPACE "USERS" LOGGING ENABLE

/

ALTER TABLE "EMP" ADD CONSTRAINT "FK_DEPTNO" FOREIGN KEY

    ("DEPTNO") REFERENCES "DEPT"

    ("DEPTNO") ENABLE NOVALIDATE

/

ALTER TABLE "EMP" ENABLE CONSTRAINT "FK_DEPTNO"

/

[ZFZHLHRDB1:oracle]:/tmp>

exp和imp工具中可能存在把table从一个库exp然后imp到另一个数据库出现没有指定tablespace而无法imp,imp的indexfile参数中可以解决的。

Oracle的imp工具指定indexfile参数后,可以不导入任何对象,而只把需要创建的index以sql语句的形式写入文本文件。创建库表等sql语句也会写入,但用rem注释屏蔽。

如果原始库中有些表比较大,exp导出对象的初始存储空间设置可能比较高,导入时需要先申请分配较大的存储空间,如果只进行逻辑结构的迁移耗时较长。这时可以用indexfile参数导出sql语句,筛选出初始空间较高的建表语句,手工创建。再次导入时使用ignore选项忽略对象创建错误。

[oracle@rhel6lhr tmp]$ exp  \'/ AS SYSDBA\'  TABLES=SCOTT.EMP  FILE=/tmp/exp_ddl_lhr_01.dmp  LOG=/tmp/exp_table.log  BUFFER=41943040 ROWS=N COMPRESS=N

Export: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Wed May 3 21:36:47 2017

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining

and Real Application Testing options

Export done in ZHS16GBK character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set

Note: table data (rows) will not be exported

About to export specified tables via Conventional Path ...

Current user changed to SCOTT

. . exporting table                            EMP

Export terminated successfully without warnings.

[oracle@rhel6lhr tmp]$ imp  \'/ AS SYSDBA\' file=/tmp/exp_ddl_lhr_01.dmp FULL=Y indexfile=/tmp/get_ti_ddl.sql rows=n

Import: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Wed May 3 21:38:10 2017

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining

and Real Application Testing options

Export file created by EXPORT:V11.02.00 via conventional path

import done in ZHS16GBK character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set

Import terminated successfully without warnings.

[oracle@rhel6lhr tmp]$ more /tmp/get_ti_ddl.sql

REM  CREATE TABLE "SCOTT"."EMP" ("EMPNO" NUMBER(4, 0), "ENAME"

REM  VARCHAR2(10), "JOB" VARCHAR2(9), "MGR" NUMBER(4, 0), "HIREDATE" DATE,

REM  "SAL" NUMBER(7, 2), "COMM" NUMBER(7, 2), "DEPTNO" NUMBER(2, 0))

REM  PCTFREE 10 PCTUSED 40 INITRANS 1 MAXTRANS 255 STORAGE(INITIAL 65536

REM  NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1 FREELISTS 1 FREELIST GROUPS 1 BUFFER_POOL

REM  DEFAULT) TABLESPACE "USERS" LOGGING NOCOMPRESS ;

CONNECT SCOTT;

CREATE UNIQUE INDEX "SCOTT"."PK_EMP" ON "EMP" ("EMPNO" ) PCTFREE 10

INITRANS 2 MAXTRANS 255 STORAGE(INITIAL 65536 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1

FREELISTS 1 FREELIST GROUPS 1 BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT) TABLESPACE "USERS"

LOGGING ;

REM  ALTER TABLE "SCOTT"."EMP" ADD CONSTRAINT "PK_EMP" PRIMARY KEY

REM  ("EMPNO") USING INDEX PCTFREE 10 INITRANS 2 MAXTRANS 255

REM  STORAGE(INITIAL 65536 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1 FREELISTS 1 FREELIST

REM  GROUPS 1 BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT) TABLESPACE "USERS" LOGGING ENABLE ;

REM  ALTER TABLE "SCOTT"."EMP" ADD CONSTRAINT "FK_DEPTNO" FOREIGN KEY

REM  ("DEPTNO") REFERENCES "DEPT" ("DEPTNO") ENABLE NOVALIDATE ;

REM  ALTER TABLE "SCOTT"."EMP" ENABLE CONSTRAINT "FK_DEPTNO" ;

[oracle@rhel6lhr tmp]$

[ZFZHLHRDB1:oracle]:/oracle>expdp \'/ AS SYSDBA\' directory=DATA_PUMP_DIR schemas=SCOTT  dumpfile=exptest_sql.dmp logfile=exp_exptest.dmp

Export: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Wed Aug 3 15:14:55 2016

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP,

Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

Starting "SYS"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01":  "/******** AS SYSDBA" directory=DATA_PUMP_DIR schemas=SCOTT dumpfile=exptest_sql.dmp logfile=exp_exptest.dmp

Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method...

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA

Total estimation using BLOCKS method: 256 KB

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/USER

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/SYSTEM_GRANT

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/ROLE_GRANT

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/DEFAULT_ROLE

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PRE_SCHEMA/PROCACT_SCHEMA

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/CONSTRAINT

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/REF_CONSTRAINT

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS

. . exported "SCOTT"."DEPT"                              5.929 KB       4 rows

. . exported "SCOTT"."EMP"                               8.562 KB      14 rows

. . exported "SCOTT"."SALGRADE"                          5.859 KB       5 rows

. . exported "SCOTT"."TEST"                              5.007 KB       1 rows

. . exported "SCOTT"."BONUS"                                 0 KB       0 rows

Master table "SYS"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01" successfully loaded/unloaded

******************************************************************************

Dump file set for SYS.SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01 is:

  /oracle/app/oracle/admin/lhrdb/dpdump/exptest_sql.dmp

Job "SYS"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01" successfully completed at Wed Aug 3 15:15:16 2016 elapsed 0 00:00:20

[ZFZHLHRDB1:oracle]:/oracle>impdp  \'/ AS SYSDBA\'  directory=DATA_PUMP_DIR dumpfile=exptest_sql.dmp  logfile=imp_exptest.log sqlfile=exptest.sql

Import: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Wed Aug 3 15:16:06 2016

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP,

Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

Master table "SYS"."SYS_SQL_FILE_FULL_01" successfully loaded/unloaded

Starting "SYS"."SYS_SQL_FILE_FULL_01":  "/******** AS SYSDBA" directory=DATA_PUMP_DIR dumpfile=exptest_sql.dmp logfile=imp_exptest.log sqlfile=exptest.sql

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/USER

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/SYSTEM_GRANT

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/ROLE_GRANT

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/DEFAULT_ROLE

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PRE_SCHEMA/PROCACT_SCHEMA

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/CONSTRAINT

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/REF_CONSTRAINT

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS

Job "SYS"."SYS_SQL_FILE_FULL_01" successfully completed at Wed Aug 3 15:16:09 2016 elapsed 0 00:00:02

[ZFZHLHRDB1:oracle]:/oracle>cd /oracle/app/oracle/admin/lhrdb/dpdump/

[ZFZHLHRDB1:oracle]:/oracle/app/oracle/admin/lhrdb/dpdump>more exptest.sql

-- CONNECT SYS

ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS '10150 TRACE NAME CONTEXT FOREVER, LEVEL 1';

ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS '10904 TRACE NAME CONTEXT FOREVER, LEVEL 1';

ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS '25475 TRACE NAME CONTEXT FOREVER, LEVEL 1';

ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS '10407 TRACE NAME CONTEXT FOREVER, LEVEL 1';

ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS '10851 TRACE NAME CONTEXT FOREVER, LEVEL 1';

ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS '22830 TRACE NAME CONTEXT FOREVER, LEVEL 192 ';

-- new object type path: SCHEMA_EXPORT/USER

-- CONNECT SYSTEM

CREATE USER "SCOTT" IDENTIFIED BY VALUES 'S:268AB71B15071D81F19C6FC5041FA8F8E49397470FFE05458B8C90D9E7F8;F894844C34402B67'

      DEFAULT TABLESPACE "USERS"

      TEMPORARY TABLESPACE "TEMP"

      PASSWORD EXPIRE

      ACCOUNT LOCK;

-- new object type path: SCHEMA_EXPORT/SYSTEM_GRANT

GRANT UNLIMITED TABLESPACE TO "SCOTT";

-- new object type path: SCHEMA_EXPORT/ROLE_GRANT

GRANT "CONNECT" TO "SCOTT";

GRANT "RESOURCE" TO "SCOTT";

-- new object type path: SCHEMA_EXPORT/DEFAULT_ROLE

ALTER USER "SCOTT" DEFAULT ROLE ALL;

-- new object type path: SCHEMA_EXPORT/PRE_SCHEMA/PROCACT_SCHEMA

-- CONNECT SCOTT

BEGIN

sys.dbms_logrep_imp.instantiate_schema(schema_name=>SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV','CURRENT_SCHEMA'), export_db_name=>'LHRDB', inst_scn=>'4225469');

COMMIT;

END;

/

-- new object type path: SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE

-- CONNECT SYS

CREATE TABLE "SCOTT"."DEPT"

   (    "DEPTNO" NUMBER(2,0),

        "DNAME" VARCHAR2(14 BYTE),

        "LOC" VARCHAR2(13 BYTE)

   ) SEGMENT CREATION IMMEDIATE

  PCTFREE 10 PCTUSED 40 INITRANS 1 MAXTRANS 255

NOCOMPRESS LOGGING

  STORAGE(INITIAL 65536 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 2147483645

  PCTINCREASE 0 FREELISTS 1 FREELIST GROUPS 1

  BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT CELL_FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT)

  TABLESPACE "USERS" ;

CREATE TABLE "SCOTT"."EMP"

   (    "EMPNO" NUMBER(4,0),

        "ENAME" VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),

        "JOB" VARCHAR2(9 BYTE),

        "MGR" NUMBER(4,0),

        "HIREDATE" DATE,

        "SAL" NUMBER(7,2),

        "COMM" NUMBER(7,2),

        "DEPTNO" NUMBER(2,0)

   ) SEGMENT CREATION IMMEDIATE

  PCTFREE 10 PCTUSED 40 INITRANS 1 MAXTRANS 255

NOCOMPRESS LOGGING

  STORAGE(INITIAL 65536 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 2147483645

  PCTINCREASE 0 FREELISTS 1 FREELIST GROUPS 1

  BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT CELL_FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT)

  TABLESPACE "USERS" ;

CREATE TABLE "SCOTT"."BONUS"

   (    "ENAME" VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),

        "JOB" VARCHAR2(9 BYTE),

        "SAL" NUMBER,

        "COMM" NUMBER

   ) SEGMENT CREATION DEFERRED

  PCTFREE 10 PCTUSED 40 INITRANS 1 MAXTRANS 255

NOCOMPRESS LOGGING

  TABLESPACE "USERS" ;

CREATE TABLE "SCOTT"."SALGRADE"

   (    "GRADE" NUMBER,

        "LOSAL" NUMBER,

        "HISAL" NUMBER

   ) SEGMENT CREATION IMMEDIATE

  PCTFREE 10 PCTUSED 40 INITRANS 1 MAXTRANS 255

NOCOMPRESS LOGGING

  STORAGE(INITIAL 65536 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 2147483645

  PCTINCREASE 0 FREELISTS 1 FREELIST GROUPS 1

  BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT CELL_FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT)

  TABLESPACE "USERS" ;

CREATE TABLE "SCOTT"."TEST"

   (    "DUMMY" VARCHAR2(1 BYTE)

   ) SEGMENT CREATION IMMEDIATE

  PCTFREE 10 PCTUSED 40 INITRANS 1 MAXTRANS 255

NOCOMPRESS LOGGING

  STORAGE(INITIAL 65536 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 2147483645

  PCTINCREASE 0 FREELISTS 1 FREELIST GROUPS 1

  BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT CELL_FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT)

  TABLESPACE "USERS" ;

-- new object type path: SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX

-- CONNECT SCOTT

CREATE UNIQUE INDEX "SCOTT"."PK_DEPT" ON "SCOTT"."DEPT" ("DEPTNO")

  PCTFREE 10 INITRANS 2 MAXTRANS 255

  STORAGE(INITIAL 65536 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 2147483645

  PCTINCREASE 0 FREELISTS 1 FREELIST GROUPS 1

  BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT CELL_FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT)

  TABLESPACE "USERS" PARALLEL 1 ;

  ALTER INDEX "SCOTT"."PK_DEPT" NOPARALLEL;

CREATE UNIQUE INDEX "SCOTT"."PK_EMP" ON "SCOTT"."EMP" ("EMPNO")

  PCTFREE 10 INITRANS 2 MAXTRANS 255

  STORAGE(INITIAL 65536 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 2147483645

  PCTINCREASE 0 FREELISTS 1 FREELIST GROUPS 1

  BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT CELL_FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT)

  TABLESPACE "USERS" PARALLEL 1 ;

  ALTER INDEX "SCOTT"."PK_EMP" NOPARALLEL;

-- new object type path: SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/CONSTRAINT

-- CONNECT SYS

ALTER TABLE "SCOTT"."DEPT" ADD CONSTRAINT "PK_DEPT" PRIMARY KEY ("DEPTNO")

  USING INDEX "SCOTT"."PK_DEPT"  ENABLE;

ALTER TABLE "SCOTT"."EMP" ADD CONSTRAINT "PK_EMP" PRIMARY KEY ("EMPNO")

  USING INDEX "SCOTT"."PK_EMP"  ENABLE;

-- new object type path: SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS

DECLARE I_N VARCHAR2(60);

  I_O VARCHAR2(60);

  NV VARCHAR2(1);

  c DBMS_METADATA.T_VAR_COLL;

  df varchar2(21) := 'YYYY-MM-DD:HH24:MI:SS';

stmt varchar2(300) := ' INSERT INTO "SYS"."IMPDP_STATS" (type,version,flags,c1,c2,c3,c5,n1,n2,n3,n4,n5,n6,n7,n8,n9,n10,n11,n12,d1,cl1) VALUES (''I'',6,:1,:2,:3,:4,:5,

:6,:7,:8,:9,:10,:11,:12,:13,NULL,:14,:15,NULL,:16,:17)';

BEGIN

  DELETE FROM "SYS"."IMPDP_STATS";

  i_n := 'PK_DEPT';

  i_o := 'SCOTT';

  EXECUTE IMMEDIATE stmt USING 2,I_N,NV,NV,I_O,4,1,4,1,1,1,0,4,NV,NV,TO_DATE('2016-07-07 22:00:11',df),NV;

  DBMS_STATS.IMPORT_INDEX_STATS('"' || i_o || '"','"' || i_n || '"',NULL,'"IMPDP_STATS"',NULL,'"SYS"');

  DELETE FROM "SYS"."IMPDP_STATS";

END;

/

《《《《。。。。。。。。篇幅原因,有省略,剩下的都是统计信息,生成sqlfile的时候也可以不用生成。。。。。。。。》》》》

一个网友找到我说,一个dmp文件导入数据库中,中文一直是乱码,看我能否帮忙解决一下。说真心话,一般情况下,乱码问题和安装问题,我一般不想接手,因为可能很简单的问题,有的人懒的动脑,碰到问题就问。尤其对于安装类问题,照着安装文档,一步一步来,一般都没有问题。在这里把一张网友分享的图片再分享一下:

可是,问字符集的的哥们,我能感觉到他自己是下了功夫的,都是自己摸索了,实在解决不了,才找到的我。这种情况下,我果断是要帮助的。好了,废话不多说了,且看整个处理过程吧。

导入后,在Windows上设置客户端环境变量NLS_LANG为AMERICAN_AMERICA.US7ASCII,然后重启PL/SQL DEVELOPER软件后就可以正常显示中文了。

本来想着,这样再采用GBK的字符集导出,然后导入GBK的数据库中,结果发现这种方法行不通,始终有乱码。其实,走到这一步,还可以将数据导出成文本格式的文件,然后将文本格式的文件再导入GBK字符集的数据库中仍然是可行的。

有种办法处理将US7ASCII字符集的dmp文件导入到ZHS16GBK字符集的数据库中的中文乱码问题。第一,修改dmp文件中代表字符集的字符。第二,导入US7ASCII字符集的库中,然后导出成文本格式,再导入到GBK的库中。

创建时间:2021-09-15 17:36
浏览量:0